اليوم 4 — التحكم والحلقات | مسار AI Engineer

الجزء 5 من 8

اليوم 4 — التحكم والحلقات

ORIGINAL CONTENT

Day 4: Python Basics - Part 2

Tasks

Continue Learning Python Basics
- Control Flow Statements
  - Understand how to use if, else, and elif statements to control the flow of your program.
  - Example:
    CODE EXAMPLE
```
x = 10
if x > 0:
    print("x is positive")
elif x == 0:
    print("x is zero")
else:
    print("x is negative")
```
- Loops
  - Learn the difference between for and while loops and when to use each.
  - For Loop Example:
    CODE EXAMPLE
```
for i in range(5):
    print(i)
```
  - While Loop Example:
    CODE EXAMPLE
```
count = 0
while count < 5:
    print(count)
    count += 1
```
- Functions
  - Learn how to define and call functions.
  - Understand function parameters and return values.
  - Example:
    CODE EXAMPLE
```
def greet(name):
    return "Hello, " + name

print(greet("Alice"))
```
  - Explore recursion and scope in functions.
  - Recursive Function Example:
    CODE EXAMPLE
```
def factorial(n):
    if n == 0:
        return 1
    else:
        return n * factorial(n - 1)

print(factorial(5))
```

Write Small Programs to Solidify Your Understanding

Implement small programs that make use of loops, functions, and data structures.

Examples:

Factorial Program (Iterative and Recursive):

CODE EXAMPLE

def factorial_iterative(n):
    result = 1
    for i in range(1, n + 1):
        result *= i
    return result

def factorial_recursive(n):
    if n == 0 or n == 1:
        return 1
    else:
        return n * factorial_recursive(n - 1)

number = int(input("Enter a number: "))
print("Factorial (Iterative):", factorial_iterative(number))
print("Factorial (Recursive):", factorial_recursive(number))

Bubble Sort Program:

CODE EXAMPLE

def bubble_sort(arr):
    n = len(arr)
    for i in range(n):
        for j in range(0, n-i-1):
            if arr[j] > arr[j+1]:
                arr[j], arr[j+1] = arr[j+1], arr[j]
    return arr

numbers = [64, 34, 25, 12, 22, 11, 90]
print("Sorted array is:", bubble_sort(numbers))

Word Count Program:

CODE EXAMPLE

def word_count(text):
    words = text.split()
    word_dict = {}
    for word in words:
        if word in word_dict:
            word_dict[word] += 1
        else:
            word_dict[word] = 1
    return word_dict

sample_text = "hello world hello"
print("Word count:", word_count(sample_text))

Explore Python Data Structures

Learn about lists, tuples, sets, and dictionaries.

Lists:

Example:

CODE EXAMPLE

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
for fruit in fruits:
    print(fruit)

Tuples:

Example:

CODE EXAMPLE

coordinates = (10, 20)
print(coordinates[0])

Sets:

Example:

CODE EXAMPLE

unique_numbers = {1, 2, 3, 3, 4}
print(unique_numbers)

Dictionaries:

Example:

CODE EXAMPLE

student_grades = {"Alice": 90, "Bob": 85, "Charlie": 92}
for student, grade in student_grades.items():
    print(student, grade)

Resources

Python Loops and Control Flow
- Python Loops Tutorial
- Python Control Flow
Python Functions
- Functions in Python
- Scope and Lifetime of Variables in Python
Data Structures
- Python Data Structures
- GeeksforGeeks - Python Data Structures

Summary

By the end of Day 4, you should have a solid understanding of Python loops, functions, and basic data structures. Practice these concepts through small programs to reinforce your learning. Use the resources provided to deepen your understanding and continue building a strong foundation in Python.

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